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View Full Version : Internet porn addiction ''a growing real problem''



bat1
06-02-2008, 04:33 AM
There are many who argue whether masturbation addiction is even real. Just ask the millions of people who struggle with it and they will tell you they don’t know how to stop. Masturbation has many physical and mental health consequences. When you have a problem with masturbation you are not using the body in the manner in which it was designed to be used. You strain your hormonal systems and become isolated emotionally. Your body was certainly meant to be used in more healthy ways.

Used correctly, your body’s sexual organs are meant to bring you and your spouse closer together in a bond of love and also to reproduce. When you are addicted to masturbation there is no bond with anyone but your own fantasies. Masturbation makes you become selfish and anti-social as all your energy is spent on you. Your feelings of guilt and shame make you feel unconfident in the presence of others and hinder your ability to create new relationships. Some may say, in their pride, they have no problems with this but the truth is a person cannot be a truly loving person by committing such selfish acts. True love involves others and involves self-mastery. If you are struggling with this then m

Struggling with both Internet Porn and Masturbation at the Same Time

Some people may struggle with both pornography and masturbation at the same time. These sexual addictions fuel each other and one cannot be stopped so long as the other is still going. It is a known fact that those who sell porn want you to masturbate and solidify your addiction so you will come back for more. Even when not viewing porn it can be difficult to avoid masturbating to the images in your head from the last time you looked at porn. Even if you’ve gone awhile without viewing pornography but continue to masturbate, you can feel weak and desensitized and seek out pornography again. Often times you will need additional help such as professional treatment or rehab, to overcome this things. Don’t be ashamed of this, as this can brings happiness back into your life.

saifan
06-02-2008, 04:39 AM
And your point is?

bat1
06-02-2008, 04:42 AM
About pornography addiction

Pornography addiction has its roots in the viewing and hording of magazine and video pornography, however these days; the porn addict has a new and frighteningly powerful and problematic enabler called the Internet.

Porn addicts can engage their Internet porn problem by viewing online still photos, by downloading porn films or with the use of webcam sex. Some use the Internet to simply view images while others eventually end up using the Internet as a vehicle to meet with anonymous sexual partners or for one night stands.

By using a webcam porn addicts can engage in real-time sexual activity with anyone willing to provide it to them – some of these situations are paid – as in online prostitution, while others are engaged with whomever shows up.
What is porn addiction?

Similar to someone with a chemical or substance addiction, porn addicts tend to replace important relationships and commitments with Internet sex or other forms of porn. Non-Internet porn addicts can be found in places like strip clubs and adult bookstores, but it is unlikely that they have a strip club addiction or an adult bookstore addiction, but rather that they have consistent and compulsive sexual problems that appear in a variety of settings.

Pornography addicts tend to isolate themselves when engaging in their sexual acting out. They can typically spend many hours or even days lost in online images and experiences. Some also lose time to Internet addictions such as online fantasy games and/or gambling sites.

Nonsexual Internet addiction can also be painfully isolating, causing real life consequences for the person addicted to online gambling or fantasy games, but Internet porn addiction also carries a moral stigma and the likelihood that important love and sex relationships will be negatively affected.

While some sex and porn addicts use compulsive masturbation as a part of their acting out, others engage only minimally in the sex act itself but nonetheless end up lose themselves to the endless sexual images and sites found online.

Some signs of porn addiction can include:

* An inability to stop the behavior (s) and porn use despite previous attempts to do so
* Anger or irritablity if asked to stop
* Hiding or attempting to keep secret all or a part of the porn use
* Continuing the behavior despite obvious consequences – like a relationship or job loss
* Getting lost in the problem porn use - i.e. Spending more time than intended, losing time

Getting Better

Stopping porn addiction involves honesty and outreach. For those addicted to porn and sexual acting out, honesty begins by finding someone knowledgeable in breaking pornography addiction and admitting entire the problem to them- without omitting the embarrassing or humiliating parts. Such people can be found in the 12-step sexual recovery meetings and through professional organizations like (SASH.NET) and (IITAP.COM), which have listings of certified sexual addiction specialists or CSAT's.

Getting help with porn addiction can feel shameful, embarrassing or humiliating, but those feelings have to be tolerated when the greater concern is that the pornography addictions will significantly interfere in the life of the sex addict or in the lives of those they love.

For the spouse of someone with an Internet pornography addiction - self-worth suffers as partners tend to blame themselves for the sexual addiction problem. Spouses often feel less-than and will compare their own bodies to the images the porn addict is viewing online. As there is no way that anyone could reasonably compare themselves to, or compete with online fantasy images and experiences, spouses are often left feeling trapped and alone with the problem.

Unlike alcohol or drug addiction, this issue can often feel too embarrassing or shameful for spouses to ask for help. It is difficult enough for most people to reach out for help with a private family matter, but when the problem is this personal, it's not like a spouse is going to announce "help my husband has a porn addiction!" at family gatherings or with friends. There are however, groups dedicated to helping spouses of porn addicts and women affected by men's addiction to porn. Similar to the 12-step programs for sex addicts, groups like S-ANON, COSA and CODA are support groups where a spouse can come to discuss these issues and maintain his or her anonymity.

Some spouses seek all the answers for their addicted partners, hoping that the porn addict simply needs to learn how to stop porn addiction and then they will stop. Unfortunately, addiction recovery involves more than leading a horse to water and providing the answers for them.

The sex addict involved in internet porn addiction often has to arrive at to his or her own conclusion to make a change, a decision that often comes a lot later than their partners would like or can tolerate.
Porn addiction help tips

Below are listed a few tips for dealing with porn addiction:

* Getting blocking software for the computer
* Putting up inspirational pictures around the computer (kids, people you love etc.)
* Moving the computer to a public space in the home – not in a den or bedroom
* Having an addiction prevention plan – to carry out when tempted
* Knowing the signs of porn addiction – both the general signs and those specific to you
* Knowing the stages of porn addiction
* Making good use of porn addiction resources like 12-step meetings, sex addiction professionals and online recovery support groups
* A commitment to breaking pornography addition has to be renewed one-day-at-a-time, it can be a set-up for the addict to think of it as forever!

hondarobot
06-02-2008, 04:50 AM
What the hell is wrong with you people? If you enjoy porn, just enjoy it. If you're in a relationship with someone who doesn't enjoy porn, well, get out of that relationship if that's a big issue.

Personally, I love porn. It's sex without the various crazy complications. A lot of times, sex becomes doing too many push-ups for a crappy orgasm. That sucks.

saifan
06-02-2008, 04:51 AM
And your point is?

bat1
06-02-2008, 05:25 AM
Internet Porn: Worse Than Crack?


Internet pornography is the new crack cocaine, leading to addiction, misogyny, pedophilia, boob jobs and erectile dysfunction, according to clinicians and researchers testifying before a Senate committee Thursday.

Witnesses before the Senate Commerce Committee's Science, Technology and Space Subcommittee spared no superlative in their description of the negative effects of pornography.

Mary Anne Layden, co-director of the Sexual Trauma and Psychopathology Program at the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Cognitive Therapy, called porn the "most concerning thing to psychological health that I know of existing today."

"The internet is a perfect drug delivery system because you are anonymous, aroused and have role models for these behaviors," Layden said. "To have drug pumped into your house 24/7, free, and children know how to use it better than grown-ups know how to use it -- it's a perfect delivery system if we want to have a whole generation of young addicts who will never have the drug out of their mind."

Pornography addicts have a more difficult time recovering from their addiction than cocaine addicts, since coke users can get the drug out of their system, but pornographic images stay in the brain forever, Layden said.

Jeffrey Satinover, a psychiatrist and advisor to the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality echoed Layden's concern about the internet and the somatic effects of pornography.

"Pornography really does, unlike other addictions, biologically cause direct release of the most perfect addictive substance," Satinover said. "That is, it causes masturbation, which causes release of the naturally occurring opioids. It does what heroin can't do, in effect."

The internet is dangerous because it removes the inefficiency in the delivery of pornography, making porn much more ubiquitous than in the days when guys in trench coats would sell nudie postcards, Satinover said.

Sen. Sam Brownback (R-Kansas), the subcommittee's chairman, called the hearing the most disturbing one he'd ever seen in the Senate. Brownback said porn was ubiquitous now, compared to when he was growing up and "some guy would sneak a magazine in somewhere and show some of us, but you had to find him at the right time."

The hearing came just days after a controversy over a sexually suggestive Monday Night Football ad that has many foreseeing a crackdown on indecency by the Federal Communications Commission.

It is unclear what the consequences of Thursday's hearing will be since it was not connected to any pending or proposed legislation.

Brownback, a conservative Christian, is also scheduled to be rotated off the sub-committee in the next session.

When Brownback asked the panelists for suggestions about what should be done, the responses were mild, considering their earlier indictment of pornography. Several suggested that federal money be allocated to fund brain-mapping studies into the physical effects of pornography.

Judith Reisman of the California Protective Parents Association suggested that more study of "erototoxins" could show how pornography is not speech-protected under the First Amendment.

The panelists all agreed that the government should fund health campaigns to educate the public about the dangers of pornography. The campaign should combat the messages of pornography by putting signs on buses saying sex with children is not OK, said Layden.

However, as the panelists themselves acknowledged, there is no consensus among mental health professionals about the dangers of porn or the use of the term "pornography addiction."

Many psychologists and most sexologists find the concepts of sex and pornography addiction problematic, said Carol Queen, staff sexologist for the San Francisco-based, woman-owned Good Vibrations.

Queen questioned the validity of the panel for not including anyone who thinks "pornography is not particularly problematic in most people's lives."

Queen acknowledges she can name people who have compulsive and destructive behavior centered on pornography, but argues that can happen with other activities, such as gambling and shopping.

Queen also criticized the methodology behind research showing that pornography stimulates the brain like drugs do, saying the research needs to take into account how sex itself stimulates the brain.

"There's no doubt the brain lights up when sexually aroused," Queen said.

Queen too would like to see more money devoted to research on sex, but thinks it is unlikely that researchers on either side of the divide are likely to receive large grants any time soon.

Studies intended to show the harmful effects of pornography must contend with ethical rules prohibiting harm to human subjects, while sex researchers have a hard time getting any funding, unless their study is specifically HIV-related, according to Queen.

noogiehead
06-02-2008, 05:29 AM
T minus three posts until the mention of accepting jesus christ as a surefire cure for masturbation.

hondarobot
06-02-2008, 05:35 AM
Internet Porn: Worse Than Crack?


Internet pornography is the new crack cocaine, leading to addiction, misogyny, pedophilia, boob jobs and erectile dysfunction, according to clinicians and researchers testifying before a Senate committee Thursday.

Witnesses before the Senate Commerce Committee's Science, Technology and Space Subcommittee spared no superlative in their description of the negative effects of pornography.

Mary Anne Layden, co-director of the Sexual Trauma and Psychopathology Program at the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Cognitive Therapy, called porn the "most concerning thing to psychological health that I know of existing today."

"The internet is a perfect drug delivery system because you are anonymous, aroused and have role models for these behaviors," Layden said. "To have drug pumped into your house 24/7, free, and children know how to use it better than grown-ups know how to use it -- it's a perfect delivery system if we want to have a whole generation of young addicts who will never have the drug out of their mind."

Pornography addicts have a more difficult time recovering from their addiction than cocaine addicts, since coke users can get the drug out of their system, but pornographic images stay in the brain forever, Layden said.

Jeffrey Satinover, a psychiatrist and advisor to the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality echoed Layden's concern about the internet and the somatic effects of pornography.

"Pornography really does, unlike other addictions, biologically cause direct release of the most perfect addictive substance," Satinover said. "That is, it causes masturbation, which causes release of the naturally occurring opioids. It does what heroin can't do, in effect."

The internet is dangerous because it removes the inefficiency in the delivery of pornography, making porn much more ubiquitous than in the days when guys in trench coats would sell nudie postcards, Satinover said.

Sen. Sam Brownback (R-Kansas), the subcommittee's chairman, called the hearing the most disturbing one he'd ever seen in the Senate. Brownback said porn was ubiquitous now, compared to when he was growing up and "some guy would sneak a magazine in somewhere and show some of us, but you had to find him at the right time."

The hearing came just days after a controversy over a sexually suggestive Monday Night Football ad that has many foreseeing a crackdown on indecency by the Federal Communications Commission.

It is unclear what the consequences of Thursday's hearing will be since it was not connected to any pending or proposed legislation.

Brownback, a conservative Christian, is also scheduled to be rotated off the sub-committee in the next session.

When Brownback asked the panelists for suggestions about what should be done, the responses were mild, considering their earlier indictment of pornography. Several suggested that federal money be allocated to fund brain-mapping studies into the physical effects of pornography.

Judith Reisman of the California Protective Parents Association suggested that more study of "erototoxins" could show how pornography is not speech-protected under the First Amendment.

The panelists all agreed that the government should fund health campaigns to educate the public about the dangers of pornography. The campaign should combat the messages of pornography by putting signs on buses saying sex with children is not OK, said Layden.

However, as the panelists themselves acknowledged, there is no consensus among mental health professionals about the dangers of porn or the use of the term "pornography addiction."

Many psychologists and most sexologists find the concepts of sex and pornography addiction problematic, said Carol Queen, staff sexologist for the San Francisco-based, woman-owned Good Vibrations.

Queen questioned the validity of the panel for not including anyone who thinks "pornography is not particularly problematic in most people's lives."

Queen acknowledges she can name people who have compulsive and destructive behavior centered on pornography, but argues that can happen with other activities, such as gambling and shopping.

Queen also criticized the methodology behind research showing that pornography stimulates the brain like drugs do, saying the research needs to take into account how sex itself stimulates the brain.

"There's no doubt the brain lights up when sexually aroused," Queen said.

Queen too would like to see more money devoted to research on sex, but thinks it is unlikely that researchers on either side of the divide are likely to receive large grants any time soon.

Studies intended to show the harmful effects of pornography must contend with ethical rules prohibiting harm to human subjects, while sex researchers have a hard time getting any funding, unless their study is specifically HIV-related, according to Queen.

I read up to the "opioids" part. If this substance becomes available as a chewing gum or patch, I'll buy it.

hippifried
06-02-2008, 08:07 AM
I'm addicted to air.
I don't think I'm going to go for the cure.

Step 13:
Admit that you're really addicted to 12 step programs.

ezed
06-03-2008, 05:22 AM
And your point is?

Ditto! Bat 1 has gone batty researching his worries over internet porn. He's even resorted to looking to our elected representative for expert advice (toe tapping in the stall, 5K escorts, yep these guys are experts). Let's get the government involved in masturbation! In taping football sidelines. Let's find any deversion, except climbing prices, declining value of the dollar, the recession and the $600 that will pull us out!

Jesus, tons more I could say, but who cares.

Fuck! I almost blinded my self with a load admiring what I just typed! Fuck - the internet! It could be harmful to your health! Wear safety glass and a mouth guard!

bhlaab
06-03-2008, 05:34 AM
I love to masturbate! The best part is, I'm not ashamed about it at all. It's great! I don't even need porn... but it helps.

I think I'll go masturbate right now, that's how awesome it is.

todd1971
06-03-2008, 06:11 AM
If I stop looking at internet porn today can you guarantee me a gf tomorrow, I don't think so I'm not that young anymore.

blacktgirls
06-03-2008, 07:44 AM
There are many who argue whether masturbation addiction is even real. Just ask the millions of people who struggle with it and they will tell you they don’t know how to stop. Masturbation has many physical and mental health consequences. When you have a problem with masturbation you are not using the body in the manner in which it was designed to be used. You strain your hormonal systems and become isolated emotionally. Your body was certainly meant to be used in more healthy ways.

Used correctly, your body’s sexual organs are meant to bring you and your spouse closer together in a bond of love and also to reproduce. When you are addicted to masturbation there is no bond with anyone but your own fantasies. Masturbation makes you become selfish and anti-social as all your energy is spent on you. Your feelings of guilt and shame make you feel unconfident in the presence of others and hinder your ability to create new relationships. Some may say, in their pride, they have no problems with this but the truth is a person cannot be a truly loving person by committing such selfish acts. True love involves others and involves self-mastery. If you are struggling with this then m

Struggling with both Internet Porn and Masturbation at the Same Time

Some people may struggle with both pornography and masturbation at the same time. These sexual addictions fuel each other and one cannot be stopped so long as the other is still going. It is a known fact that those who sell porn want you to masturbate and solidify your addiction so you will come back for more. Even when not viewing porn it can be difficult to avoid masturbating to the images in your head from the last time you looked at porn. Even if you’ve gone awhile without viewing pornography but continue to masturbate, you can feel weak and desensitized and seek out pornography again. Often times you will need additional help such as professional treatment or rehab, to overcome this things. Don’t be ashamed of this, as this can brings happiness back into your life.for me masturbation is a stress reliever and a prgrastinaton device. people since the invention of the radio have isolated them selves from others but with todays technologies man is surely doomed.

yodajazz
06-03-2008, 07:59 AM
There are many who argue whether masturbation addiction is even real. Just ask the millions of people who struggle with it and they will tell you they don’t know how to stop. Masturbation has many physical and mental health consequences. When you have a problem with masturbation you are not using the body in the manner in which it was designed to be used. You strain your hormonal systems and become isolated emotionally. Your body was certainly meant to be used in more healthy ways.

Used correctly, your body’s sexual organs are meant to bring you and your spouse closer together in a bond of love and also to reproduce. When you are addicted to masturbation there is no bond with anyone but your own fantasies. Masturbation makes you become selfish and anti-social as all your energy is spent on you. Your feelings of guilt and shame make you feel unconfident in the presence of others and hinder your ability to create new relationships. Some may say, in their pride, they have no problems with this but the truth is a person cannot be a truly loving person by committing such selfish acts. True love involves others and involves self-mastery. If you are struggling with this then m

Struggling with both Internet Porn and Masturbation at the Same Time

Some people may struggle with both pornography and masturbation at the same time. These sexual addictions fuel each other and one cannot be stopped so long as the other is still going. It is a known fact that those who sell porn want you to masturbate and solidify your addiction so you will come back for more. Even when not viewing porn it can be difficult to avoid masturbating to the images in your head from the last time you looked at porn. Even if you’ve gone awhile without viewing pornography but continue to masturbate, you can feel weak and desensitized and seek out pornography again. Often times you will need additional help such as professional treatment or rehab, to overcome this things. Don’t be ashamed of this, as this can brings happiness back into your life.for me masturbation is a stress reliever and a prgrastinaton device. people since the invention of the radio have isolated them selves from others but with todays technologies man is surely doomed.

Yes there are two sides to everything. Anything can be overused and abused, including masturbation and porno. I like to think that they have helped me to not seek other partners.

But my main question is for Bat1. Since you have clearly stated what you see as the dangers, what are you going to do personally? Thanks for taking the time to state your position.

justatransgirl
06-03-2008, 08:55 AM
I am NOT addicted to online porn.

I'm NOT, I'm NOT, I'm NOT...






OK, I am.




Anybody wanna make a movie tonight?

Giggle,
TS Jamie :-)

thx1138
06-03-2008, 10:17 AM
"Masturbation has many physical and mental health consequences." So what are they? I haven't noticed any. It's quick, can be done almost anywhere and best of all it's FREE. BTW: I see nothing wrong in being selfish. Besides I've never met anyone who wasn't.

Dinand
06-03-2008, 10:19 AM
I agree it is an addiction but as long as you can control it money wise I don't see the problem. I mean I also spent a lot of money online buying movies and joining websites but I know how much I can spent, I don't go over my budget.

BigTSHunter
06-03-2008, 10:38 AM
I am an addict. I cant seem to stop jerking off. Dont know if I want to but I cant seem to stop jerking off.

a994
06-03-2008, 11:48 PM
And what do you do if you're already married and your wife does not want to have sex with you anymore (for whatever reason)? Would you rather that married men go out and actually have sex with other persons rather than relieve themselves (since their frigid wives won't)?

bat1
06-04-2008, 12:13 AM
"Masturbation has many physical and mental health consequences." So what are they? I haven't noticed any. It's quick, can be done almost anywhere and best of all it's FREE. BTW: I see nothing wrong in being selfish. Besides I've never met anyone who wasn't.

I do feel shameful after acting out (masterbating)also feeling
like a lowlife.. and all the time I waste too!

porn addiction is very hard to break! I tried 3 times and failed

I dump all my porn and I can go a week then I'm downing loading
again....

I DARE ANYONE TO TRY TO STOP FOR JUST ONE WEEK!
NO PORN OR MASTERBATION IT'S ALOT HARDER THEN YOU
COULD EVER THINK :D

hondarobot
06-04-2008, 12:44 AM
Why would you feel shameful? Everyone in the world masturbates, from time to time.

Just get off and shut up about it, already. Good grief.

:roll:

Jolt711ml
06-04-2008, 12:48 AM
If you stay inside a jack off all day then at least you aren't out doing drugs. It could be worst things.

bat1
06-04-2008, 12:54 AM
If you stay inside a jack off all day then at least you aren't out doing drugs. It could be worst things.

you could be doing drugs inside or out
people do them any time anywhere........

Pornography is big business--with $10 billion to $14 billion in annual sales. The author, Frank Rich, suggests that pornography is bigger than any of the major league sports, perhaps bigger than Hollywood. Porn is "no longer a sideshow to the mainstream...it is the mainstream," he says.

Jolt711ml
06-04-2008, 12:56 AM
Ok in that case Imma stay inside and smoke some crack jk!

BigTSHunter
06-04-2008, 04:44 AM
Wife is out of town. Trying not to jerk off. What is the over/under?

bat1
06-04-2008, 05:36 AM
Wife is out of town. Trying not to jerk off. What is the over/under?


keep open communication with your wife, go to the gym, wash the car
the ''key'' is to just stay busy!!! and be proud that you have a wife and a good loving home and give thanks for what you have.... :wink:

bat1
06-04-2008, 05:44 AM
Internet Porn: Worse Than Crack?


Internet pornography is the new crack cocaine, leading to addiction, misogyny, pedophilia, boob jobs and erectile dysfunction, according to clinicians and researchers testifying before a Senate committee Thursday.

Witnesses before the Senate Commerce Committee's Science, Technology and Space Subcommittee spared no superlative in their description of the negative effects of pornography.

Mary Anne Layden, co-director of the Sexual Trauma and Psychopathology Program at the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Cognitive Therapy, called porn the "most concerning thing to psychological health that I know of existing today."

"The internet is a perfect drug delivery system because you are anonymous, aroused and have role models for these behaviors," Layden said. "To have drug pumped into your house 24/7, free, and children know how to use it better than grown-ups know how to use it -- it's a perfect delivery system if we want to have a whole generation of young addicts who will never have the drug out of their mind."

Pornography addicts have a more difficult time recovering from their addiction than cocaine addicts, since coke users can get the drug out of their system, but pornographic images stay in the brain forever, Layden said.

Jeffrey Satinover, a psychiatrist and advisor to the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality echoed Layden's concern about the internet and the somatic effects of pornography.

"Pornography really does, unlike other addictions, biologically cause direct release of the most perfect addictive substance," Satinover said. "That is, it causes masturbation, which causes release of the naturally occurring opioids. It does what heroin can't do, in effect."

bubbski
06-04-2008, 07:41 AM
MUST.....

ASK.....

AGAIN......

And Your Point is??!?!???!!

Fetish Fanatic
06-04-2008, 08:27 AM
Why is it always the porn watchers who come under this radar.. Why don't they ever talk about the people who are in these videos. The thousands of people who are in porn and the thousands of others who make it and distribute it. I'm not saying either is more right than the other. But what about the people who make it??

clone
06-06-2008, 01:50 AM
Everything should be done with moderation. If you completely stop yourself
from watching porn and/or masturbating, then you are making it appear as a really "precious" activity and then you really have a hard time letting it go.
Just act as if it is not that important, keep yourself busy with other things, (hopefully some creative work) and do not "hunt" it just because it is easy to get megabytes of porn in an hour. Do not store porn, it is all free. Go for it only if you "must". Men must come off somehow, it is just biological. You can't win that battle.

Just do not get atatched to things or people. Let them all follow their own natural way in and out of your life.

Read Bukowski, he figured it all out.

bat1
06-06-2008, 02:02 AM
Everything should be done with moderation. If you completely stop yourself
from watching porn and/or masturbating, then you are making it appear as a really "precious" activity and then you really have a hard time letting it go.
Just act as if it is not that important, keep yourself busy with other things, (hopefully some creative work) and do not "hunt" it just because it is easy to get megabytes of porn in an hour. Do not store porn, it is all free. Go for it only if you "must". Men must come off somehow, it is just biological. You can't win that battle.

Just do not get atatched to things or people. Let them all follow their own natural way in and out of your life.

Read Bukowski, he figured it all out.


I like what I hear :D