Have any of you done DNA testing ?

[sukumvit boy]

I did the "National Genographic Project" cheek swab and sent it in about 5 years ago. It showed that I had 45% Mediterranean descent ,which didn't surprise me since my father's side was Italian. However my mother was Russian and contributed a lot of interesting gene markers. I was surprised to find I had 4% East Asian descent as well as 4% Neanderthal and 2.7% Denisovan.
There are a lot of gene testing companies available now like "23AndMe" and others . Prices are reasonable and coming down. I paid $200 for the Genographic Project about 5 years ago and it's down to $150 now .
They use a simple ,non traumatic ,cheek swab technique and send you the kit and instructions as well as a prepaid return mailing envelope. You simply set up a username and password and can than access your results online at their website . It takes about 4 -8 weeks for them to process and publish your results.
You can than share your results with anyone , if you choose, by giving them the username and password . Amaze your friends and family!

[broncofan]

That is interesting. I didn't do it for ethnicity but for metabolism of certain medications. I found I am homozygous for 677tt of the mthfr gene. This means that I don't convert folate to methylfolate as efficiently as other people so I take methylated folate supplements. I've definitely felt a bit more energetic since I started taking them but nothing dramatic.

I'd be interested in seeing but do you know how accurate the markers are?

[Aticus100]

Did anyone see the piece about the triplets that took the test? Sent away separately to the same lab (one of these find yu ancestry places)
Think they were of Scandinavian descent but essentially aside from it finding that in each of them the majority of their DNA was as it would be expected, all of the little “extra” bits (5% this, 2% that, 8% the other) were complexity different.
As triplets although obviously their DNA will have differences, their heritage can only be the same. Conclusion? It’s a load of old bollox.

Clearly though, that’s not a professional opinion!

[sukumvit boy]

That is interesting. I didn't do it for ethnicity but for metabolism of certain medications. I found I am homozygous for 677tt of the mthfr gene. This means that I don't convert folate to methylfolate as efficiently as other people so I take methylated folate supplements. I've definitely felt a bit more energetic since I started taking them but nothing dramatic.

I'd be interested in seeing but do you know how accurate the markers are?
Yes , fortunately there are a lot of medical gene scans now available. Folate is particularly important for pregnant females , as i'm sure you have already been advised ,so let your family know.
With regard to ancestry gene markers ,they are unequivocal , either you have them or you don't ,so in that regard they are 'accurate'. I hope that answers your question.?

[sukumvit boy]

Thanks Aticus100 , you bring up an interesting issue , which has certainly cast a shadow over the whole enterprise of ancestry DNA testing.

I think this is the piece to which you refer.
http://www.insideedition.com/investigative/21784-how-reliable-are-home-dna-ancestry-tests-investigation-uses-triplets-to-find-out


With regard to there being slight differences in the overall DNA sequences even in twins or triplets this is a well documented and accepted fact in academic circles.

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/identical-twins-genes-are-not-identical/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/03/110328151740.htm
http://www.fsigenetics.com/article/S1872-4973(13)00227-5/abstract?cc=y=

However , I don't think that is sufficient reason to just chuck the whole enterprise and "throw out the baby with the bathwater" so to speak.
As I understand it ,are are dealing with an industry which is still to some extent unregulated and unsupervised .
So unfortunately ,caveat emptor

[sukumvit boy]

I should add that the primary reason I chose the National Genographic Project , and would choose it again over the other tests now available, is because I think it has the most scientific supervision and it is a non profit multi year citizen science research project .
Also , I see that the price has come down to $69.99.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genographic_Project
http://shop.nationalgeographic.com/category/featured

[broncofan]

Yes , fortunately there are a lot of medical gene scans now available. Folate is particularly important for pregnant females , as i'm sure you have already been advised ,so let your family know.
With regard to ancestry gene markers ,they are unequivocal , either you have them or you don't ,so in that regard they are 'accurate'. I hope that answers your question.?
I told everyone in my family. Thanks!

I guess the question I had was not about whether they could identify the markers but whether the markers mean what they say they do. In other words, if you have a marker for Mediterranean ancestry is it distinctive enough that there was a time where you would only find that marker in this one population? So it's more how effective are the markers at identifying ancestry?

[sukumvit boy]

Yes , that's the big question that everyone ,including the front line researchers , are trying to answer.
Simple answer, extremely accurate on the 'continental' level ,less accurate on the sub continental level , such as Northern European vs Scandinavian.
but it's a young ,fluid field , improving rapidly.
Wiki covers it well
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test

[buttslinger]

I wonder if all my bastard kids could track me down if I volunteered my DNA??
I am going to drop 400 bucks on a genetic test to see which anti-depressants, sleep aids, anti-anxiety drugs ....etc..etc..etc.. work best for me with the least amount of side effects. Back in the day, I could spend 400 buck on drug tests in one weekend.
Ah, my misspent youth..........

[broncofan]

I wonder if all my bastard kids could track me down if I volunteered my DNA??
I am going to drop 400 bucks on a genetic test to see which anti-depressants, sleep aids, anti-anxiety drugs ....etc..etc..etc.. work best for me with the least amount of side effects. Back in the day, I could spend 400 buck on drug tests in one weekend.
Ah, my misspent youth..........
My friend, that was exactly what I did. The company tried to charge my insurance company thousands of dollars, they said nope, and then I am promised a bill of no more than 300 dollars. So it went fine.

All I can say is it could provide some useful info. Good to know if you're a fast metabolizer, a slow metabolizer, have the most typical alleles, etc. Also gives a small bit of info about genes that encode for receptor types and that info could be helpful. I found out the mthfr thing I said above, which is useful. I passed the info on to seven family members, take a new set of pills (methylfolate) and have had a little benefit.

[buttslinger]

I passed the info on to seven family members, take a new set of pills (methylfolate) and have had a little benefit.

I would love to read a book on DNA, I remember when they first broke the code, we are 70% the same as a banana and like 99.5% the same as a chimp. I worry that to get a truly fascinating book I would need a four year college course on biology. I have NEURALLY MEDIATED HYPOTENSION, which is pretty rare, and it took me years to find a book that really covered it, because I was googling feinting when I should have googled syncope, which is what doctors call feinting.
I would think you could take the test to see your ancestry, and share it with your sibs, but I'm not sure sharing your gene medimap would help. You split those 23 genes each between Mom and Pop, which is like a lottery if you get blue eyes and your sister gets hazel. The only thing I am absolutely positive about is that my insurance won't cover it, talk about a racket.

[smalltownguy]

dna testing is a weapon against crime and should be implemented without hesitation

[Aticus100]

dna testing is a weapon against crime and should be implemented without hesitation

Everywhere in the world?

[smalltownguy]

Everywhere in the world?

you know better

[Aticus100]

you know better


I don’t understand. Better than what?

I was simply asking if you meant that DNA testing should be implimented everywhere that it is possible for the purpose of preventing crime?

[Ts RedVeX]

So it would specify what food I should eat to shit less, would it xD That would save me some time, in my line of work hahaha

[Stavros]

I would love to read a book on DNA,

I was given this book for Christmas:
Adam Rutherford, A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived. The Stories in our Genes (2016)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Brief-History-Everyone-Ever-Lived/dp/0297609378

The book is aimed at the common reader such as myself with no expertise in hard sciences but enough curiosity to read about it in the hope of being informed. The book succeeds in reaching readers like me with enough science to explain what DNA is without overloading the text with the intricate details of what DNA is and how it is interpreted.

Chapter 3 takes a harsh look at DNA profiling and while it agrees it can be useful in law enforcement it says nothing about who you are and where you come from that you probably do not already know, and cannot go further back in time as in any and all cases we are all related to each other. He doesn't go far enough to call it a scam, but he does for the most part consider it trivial and meaningless.

It's important to remember that the commercial DNA ancestry tests don't necessarily show your geographical origins in the past. They show with whom you have common ancestry today (p158 in the UK edition).

[buttslinger]

DNA is fascinating because it can "think"
There is a species of bird in California that has changed it's wingspan as a result of California Traffic. Flying out of the road.
Natural selection???
What is thinking?
I'm going to get my DNA book at the library, I'm plopping down 400 bucks next week to find out which meds do my body good though a genetic medimap.
My new psychiatrist looks like Vince Masuka.

[sukumvit boy]

I was given this book for Christmas:
Adam Rutherford, A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived. The Stories in our Genes (2016)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Brief-History-Everyone-Ever-Lived/dp/0297609378

The book is aimed at the common reader such as myself with no expertise in hard sciences but enough curiosity to read about it in the hope of being informed. The book succeeds in reaching readers like me with enough science to explain what DNA is without overloading the text with the intricate details of what DNA is and how it is interpreted.

Chapter 3 takes a harsh look at DNA profiling and while it agrees it can be useful in law enforcement it says nothing about who you are and where you come from that you probably do not already know, and cannot go further back in time as in any and all cases we are all related to each other. He doesn't go far enough to call it a scam, but he does for the most part consider it trivial and meaningless.

It's important to remember that the commercial DNA ancestry tests don't necessarily show your geographical origins in the past. They show with whom you have common ancestry today (p158 in the UK edition).
Yes , excellent book. I just got a copy and am reading it now .
I read a lot of this type of thing and I am particularly impressed by the way this author has managed to leave absolutely nothing out regarding the important and recent discoveries and work in paleoanthropology / genetics yet presented it in a highly readable and understandable manner without "dumbing it down".
For anyone interested in further reading I recommend "The Neanderthals Rediscovered" and Svante Paabo's 2010 well written account of his team's groundbreaking work in successfully recovering the mitochondrial DNA if a 50,000 year old girl from nothing but a finger bone ,"Neanderthal Man" .
PBS and BBC have also produced some great TV programs on the subject.


http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0500292043/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o06_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1
http://www.amazon.co.uk/Neanderthal-Man-Search-Lost-Genomes/dp/0465054951/ref=sr_1_fkmr1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1519520011&sr=1-1-fkmr1&keywords=pabo+svante

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo

http://www.ted.com/talks/svante_paeaebo_dna_clues_to_our_inner_neanderthal

[Stavros]

Pleased to hear you have enjoyed Rutherford's book. Two interesting developments have caused much debate here -the claim that Cheddar Man, the remains of a Mesolithic (c9,1200 years ago) skeleton found in Cheddar Gorge in Somerset in the south-west of England, had a black skin. To the Wikipedia article I link a more satirical article on it.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheddar_Man
https://www.salon.com/2018/02/12/cheddar-man-is-black-another-racial-panic-for-white-supremacists/

The other is the claim that Neanderthal Man was capable of producing 'art', something that had previously been dismissed, or that the 'cave paintings' found in France and Spain were the first example of homo sapiens producing art. The question, 'is it art'? has followed the claim that
a stencilled hand in Maltravieso cave is at least 66,700 years old – a date reached by testing the calcite deposits that have encrusted it over the millennia.
But as Jonathon Jones argues,
The significance of the new dating for Europe’s oldest cave art is not that it makes Neanderthals the inventors of art. It is actually bigger than that. The reason it is so eerie to think of a Neanderthal making a hand-image is that the painted hands – not to mention bison, horses and mammoths – found in European caves have come to be seen as the moment when the modern human mind itself is born: the first evidence not just of the intelligence of Homo sapiens but our capacity to imagine and dream, to reflect, in short to possess consciousness. What does it mean if another kind of human species shared those traits? Is there nothing special about us at all?
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/feb/23/neanderthals-cave-art-spain-astounding-discovery-humbles-every-human

Less controversially perhaps, homo sapiens inherited reflexivity from the neanderthals with whom they mated and evolution did the rest. It is I think accepted that homo sapiens did not invent fire or the use of fire to cook food, one of the key differences between us and primates such as Chimpanzees. This article from New Scientist offers a fascinating insight into why we eat cooked food and how it has been such a crucial part of the evolution of humans beings, and not just because food tastes better when it has been transformed by fire.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23230980-600-what-was-the-first-cooked-meal/

[broncofan]

I don't know a lot about Neanderthals but am interested in them. It was once assumed they became extinct because they were less intelligent than Homo Sapiens (neither the premise nor the conclusion are necessarily true) or because they lost out in competition with Homo Sapiens but given the number of different reasons a species can go extinct, these hypotheses represent but a small fraction of the possibilities. I was curious about whether Neanderthals could be cloned, so I did a google search and enough people were curious about the subject that there are numerous articles. Although there are no intact Neanderthal cells, scientists know what their genome looks like and this article discusses starting with human dna and using crispr technology to manipulate the dna to where it looks like a neanderthal genome. https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/03/130306-neanderthal-genome-extinction-cloning-hominid-science/

Beyond this science fiction fantasy, which is probably unethical to follow up on, it's difficult to glean lots of insights into how neanderthals lived. Am definitely interested in the book Sukumvit Boy recommended...

https://archive.archaeology.org/1003/etc/neanderthals.html

[sukumvit boy]

I'm so happy to have sparked some interest .This is ,afterall, a great science detective story that is relevant to us all.
Even for people who don't particularly enjoy reading ,now there is so much interesting and informative stuff out there such as TED Talks available to everyone . If you have Netflix check out " Great Human Odyssey" also well done.

[sukumvit boy]

Pleased to hear you have enjoyed Rutherford's book. Two interesting developments have caused much debate here -the claim that Cheddar Man, the remains of a Mesolithic (c9,1200 years ago) skeleton found in Cheddar Gorge in Somerset in the south-west of England, had a black skin. To the Wikipedia article I link a more satirical article on it.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheddar_Man
https://www.salon.com/2018/02/12/cheddar-man-is-black-another-racial-panic-for-white-supremacists/

The other is the claim that Neanderthal Man was capable of producing 'art', something that had previously been dismissed, or that the 'cave paintings' found in France and Spain were the first example of homo sapiens producing art. The question, 'is it art'? has followed the claim that
a stencilled hand in Maltravieso cave is at least 66,700 years old – a date reached by testing the calcite deposits that have encrusted it over the millennia.
But as Jonathon Jones argues,
The significance of the new dating for Europe’s oldest cave art is not that it makes Neanderthals the inventors of art. It is actually bigger than that. The reason it is so eerie to think of a Neanderthal making a hand-image is that the painted hands – not to mention bison, horses and mammoths – found in European caves have come to be seen as the moment when the modern human mind itself is born: the first evidence not just of the intelligence of Homo sapiens but our capacity to imagine and dream, to reflect, in short to possess consciousness. What does it mean if another kind of human species shared those traits? Is there nothing special about us at all?
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/feb/23/neanderthals-cave-art-spain-astounding-discovery-humbles-every-human

Less controversially perhaps, homo sapiens inherited reflexivity from the neanderthals with whom they mated and evolution did the rest. It is I think accepted that homo sapiens did not invent fire or the use of fire to cook food, one of the key differences between us and primates such as Chimpanzees. This article from New Scientist offers a fascinating insight into why we eat cooked food and how it has been such a crucial part of the evolution of humans beings, and not just because food tastes better when it has been transformed by fire.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23230980-600-what-was-the-first-cooked-meal/

Yes stavros , you bring up some very interesting recent developments that have been the focus of scientific inquiry covered in the journal Science just a few weeks ago and elsewhere regarding our previous assumptions that Neanderthals were incapable of "Art" and creative thinking.
There is simply no question that some of the cave paintings are art and breathtaking art at that , with a sophistication worthy of the likes of Picasso or Mondrian.
1061019106102010610211061022

[Stavros]

There is simply no question that some of the cave paintings are art and breathtaking art at that , with a sophistication worthy of the likes of Picasso or Mondrian.


I am not sure about that, for two reasons. The first is that we don't know what the intention was when stencilled marks or the painting of animals were made. It is conceivable that the images were worshipped, if not as Gods, then as something 'the gods' gave them in order to eat good food and be healthy. But we don't know if they believed in any form of God. The second is that art is a conscious attempt to express something, in that form rather than another, so we don't know if the painting of an animal on a wall was the accompaniment to a song, a chant, a speech, and invocation.

I cannot agree with your last comment because there is no comparison between Picasso and Mondrian and ancient paintings, their percepts being so utterly different. Mondrian did produce figurative art in his youth before becoming an abstract painter (I have a print of his White Rose in a Tumbler next to a Van Gogh on my wall above the CD's). Moreover, in Picasso's case, he regularly used a 'robust' or crude image of the Bull to express himself and his sexual urges/fears which again may be quite different from what the cave painters were doing. His comment on seeing the paintings in Lascaux 'we have invented nothing' is somewhat superficial, as he repeatedly invokes other painters in his work, particularly Velasquez and El Greco, though quite a few people dismiss Picasso as unoriginal, or a fraud for this and other reasons. Art often refers to itself and mimics, plagiarises, copies etc -in this case, we cannot know what the meaning of the cave paintings was at the time, but it does register the fact that whether there are examples from Neanderthals or Homo Sapiens, it suggests we alone have some ability to think and express ourselves reflexively, and transform thoughts and feelings into objects or signs that can be seen and that are permanent, and using tactics such as symbolism in art. The one exception may be the expressions in sound that Dolphins make, or Whales, but we do not yet know how complex these exchanges are.

When one turns to other forms of expression, oral poetry/recitation becomes the key mode of transmission of 'ideas' before writing and printing, and thus uses repetition as well as symbolism, allegory, simile and so on -because for some reason, people remember things this way. It is the reason why religious texts ought not to be taken literally, using literary devices so people can remember what the texts say, just as any number of people know the words to a pop song but can't remember every word of an email or a letter they received from a friend or relative.

[buttslinger]

For all you crazy kids out there, here is one page of my gene test which scans my genes and gives you an idea how you'll respond to about 250 popular medications. I chose this page because I was on Lexapro for a few years, which turns out to be a bad idea. The only other med I flagged was a stomach medication, in the yellow area. Four Hundred Bucks, for a little peace of mind. I went by the Library today and looked for the Rutherford book, they had two copies, both checked out. Must be a good book!

https://preview.ibb.co/gJBmax/geno.jpg (https://ibb.co/fmaCFx)
private picture upload (https://imgbb.com/)

[sukumvit boy]

For all you crazy kids out there, here is one page of my gene test which scans my genes and gives you an idea how you'll respond to about 250 popular medications. I chose this page because I was on Lexapro for a few years, which turns out to be a bad idea. The only other med I flagged was a stomach medication, in the yellow area. Four Hundred Bucks, for a little peace of mind. I went by the Library today and looked for the Rutherford book, they had two copies, both checked out. Must be a good book!

https://preview.ibb.co/gJBmax/geno.jpg (https://ibb.co/fmaCFx)
private picture upload (https://imgbb.com/)
Very interesting ,buttslinger, thank you. I didn't know about the Inova healthcare system. You're out there getting medical care from the future ,lucky guy . Forgive me for seeming nosey, but does your healthcare insurance pay for that service ?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inova_Health_System

[sukumvit boy]

Very interesting observations ,stavros.
I admit that I may have gotten a little carried away in my comparison of Neanderthal art with the likes of Picasso and Mondrian ,lol. My point is just that, given the materials they had available , Neanderthal art is amazingly sophisticated.
Also wanted to mention that everybody who visits Chauvet caves is immediately struck by the acoustics , particularly musicians and vocalists , and remains if Neanderthal flutes have been found , so it is not surprising that there is some speculation ,as you mentioned, that the caves may well have been used for some sort of animistic ceremonies.
And finally , I enjoy drawing and painting in water color myself , particularly botanical studies and Mondrian's early botanical watercolors are amazing and some of my favorites.
10611781061179106118010611811061182

[buttslinger]

You're out there getting medical care from the future ,lucky guy . Forgive me for seeming nosey, but does your healthcare insurance pay for that service ?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inova_Health_System

Nope, I'm not that lucky. Although I did get it on sale.

[broncofan]

Nope, I'm not that lucky. Although I did get it on sale.
I ended up settling for 330 out of pocket. It was useful as a guide but there were a few recommendations by the company that were inconsistent with clinical experience. For instance, I think they found that I have a version of the serotonin transporter gene that indicates ssris should not be very effective. If afterall, serotonin is already cleared from the post-synaptic cell slowly, I should not get a robust response from something that keeps it there longer since it is already lingering there. And yet, that's the only class of drugs that has been helpful to me. So it's more a guide than anything. On the other hand there was some useful guidance for how I metabolize drugs. I have never responded well to bupropion (wellbutrin), and the reason they suggest is that I metabolize the parent drug very quickly, but it has an active metabolite that sticks around and causes a lot of side effects when it builds up. It makes sense since it's always agitated me a little bit and the benefits have been only subtle.

I think the main benefit I got out of it is that I got it out of the way so I know there's nothing anomalous there and I can take my methylfolate supplement.

For an example of why the information usually cannot tell you absolutely that a drug is not worthwhile for you is based on the type of information you're getting. If you metabolize something quickly or slowly, that will often mediate dosage and side effect profile but doesn't rule out that it's uniquely effective for you but that there are some challenges with its administration. There were a couple of genes for noradrenergic receptor sensitivity, but again, that might affect dosage but not rule out all drugs that affect norepinephrine. Do they tell you why they rule out the medicines they do? It is unlikely to be serotonin transporter since escitalopram is in the same class as sertraline and fluoxetine, so maybe it has to do with metabolism.

[broncofan]

For an example of why the information usually cannot tell you absolutely that a drug is not worthwhile for you is based on the type of information you're getting.
The point I'm making is that when they recommend the drugs, that's sort of their proprietary rubric, but your doctor might better know how to use the raw information. It might mean starting a drug slowly or taking a smaller dose or avoiding certain combinations. So, obviously I'm not recommending anything except that your doctor can use the info better than Inova and might actually go against some of their recommendations while taking them on board! Good luck!!

[buttslinger]

I have Neurally Mediated Hypotension, but the best book on it I've found is about SYNCOPE, which is MD lingo for fainting. Even though I haven't fainted since a summer when I was twelve. Norepinephrine plays a big part in stimulating blood vessels to constrict, in my case the opposite happens. Fucked for Life. But my genes are pretty normal.
My brother was a Chemistry Teacher so anything I don't understand he does. When we were all little kids, he knew our Family had Indian Blood from my Cousin Brenda's eyelids.

https://preview.ibb.co/fPeHFx/Image0014.jpg (https://ibb.co/eznhhc)

https://preview.ibb.co/gOm3oH/Image0018.jpg (https://ibb.co/nQQJNc)
pictures hoster (https://imgbb.com/)

[broncofan]

I believe this was the basis of their recommendation though obviously I'm not a doc. Rapid metabolizer of cyp2c19. I see clomipramine, escitalopram, citalopram, and amitriptyline are metabolized by this enzyme. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2C19

I was looking for my test but cannot find it tonight. But I was a rapid metabolizer for substrates of cyp2b6 which led to their recommendations about bupropion/wellbutrin.

My test did not have the dopamine beta hydroxylase activity which is an interesting one. It's interesting when I take a noradrenergic drug, and I've taken many, I get panic attacks and my blood pressure which is usually about normal, soars. I hope you and your doc get something useful out of this...

I don't know diddly squat about neurally mediated hypotension, but I wish you the best. I do have depression though that is somewhat controlled but not completely remitted, so I empathize!

[sukumvit boy]

I have Neurally Mediated Hypotension, but the best book on it I've found is about SYNCOPE, which is MD lingo for fainting. Even though I haven't fainted since a summer when I was twelve. Norepinephrine plays a big part in stimulating blood vessels to constrict, in my case the opposite happens. Fucked for Life. But my genes are pretty normal.
My brother was a Chemistry Teacher so anything I don't understand he does. When we were all little kids, he knew our Family had Indian Blood from my Cousin Brenda's eyelids.

https://preview.ibb.co/fPeHFx/Image0014.jpg (https://ibb.co/eznhhc)

https://preview.ibb.co/gOm3oH/Image0018.jpg (https://ibb.co/nQQJNc)
pictures hoster (https://imgbb.com/)
I think you are referring to the epicanthal folds of the eyelids. But lots of races have them , including Italians , Swedes and Poles...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicanthic_fold

[buttslinger]

I think you are referring to the epicanthal folds of the eyelids. But lots of races have them , including Italians , Swedes and Poles...
There's a mythical picture of my cousin Brenda in the sink that would explain all, but no way will you guys ever see it.......

[natina]

Cheap recreational DNA testing can change lives . $69-$150 USA

http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/she-thought-she-was-irish-—-until-a-dna-test-opened-a-100-year-old-mystery/ar-AAoV9g6?li=BBnb7Kz

https://www.familytreedna.com (https://www.familytreedna.com/)


http://www.africandna.com/tests.aspx

The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey

Spencer Wells (born April 6, 1969 in Georgia, United States) is a geneticist and anthropologist, an Explorer-in-Residence at the National Geographic Society, and Frank H.T. Rhodes Class of '56 Professor at Cornell University. He leads The Genographic Project.

Wells also wrote and presented the PBS/National Geographic documentary of the same name. By analyzing DNA from people in all regions of the world, Wells has concluded that all humans alive today are descended from a single man who lived in Africa around 60,000 - 90,000 years ago, a man also known as Y-chromosomal Adam


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Wells
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Wells

PBS/National Geographic documentary

The Journey of Man: A Genetic Odyssey

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OV6A8oGtPc4



National Geographic's massive Genographic Project

Think of the Whitest person you know: someone with blond hair, blue eyes and almost translucent skin, not a drop of Black ancestry in them. Now think of the darkest person you know: someone richly endowed with traditional African features, not even a drop of White ancestry in their past. Well, guess what? Scientists now trace the origins of both of these people-and of all human beings who have ever walked the face of the earth-to Black Africa, to the region around what is now Ethiopia. As Spencer Wells, the director of National Geographic's massive Genographic Project, puts it: "Our species evolved in Africa, and a subset of Africans left that continent around 50,000 years ago to populate the rest of the world. Our earliest ancestors probably looked very much like modern Africans."........

Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Alphonse Fletcher University Professor, Harvard University Director,

[Stavros]

Wells has concluded that all humans alive today are descended from a single man who lived in Africa around 60,000 - 90,000 years ago, a man also known as Y-chromosomal Adam

Of course, because why would anyone want to give the first man, particularly the first man from Africa an African name like Akachi, Dado or Obasi?
Keep the narrative as white as you can or the people will be confused. Or better still, tell us something we don't know.

[BostonBad]

These DNA test kits are a huge data mining mission. Who would really want to release that to companies like Google???